Robotics Project Hub

Reference / Component library

The parts that make a robot work

Every project leans on the same handful of building blocks. These guides explain what each component does, how it works, and when to reach for it—so a wiring diagram stops being a mystery.

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Controller

Arduino Uno

The forgiving 8-bit board most people meet robotics through.

Component guide

Controller

ESP32

A dual-core microcontroller with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth—the wireless step up from an Uno.

Component guide

Controller

Raspberry Pi

A full Linux computer the size of a card—the brain for vision and ROS robots.

Component guide

Sensor

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

A sonar ping in a two-dollar package—how a robot feels for obstacles.

Component guide

Sensor

IR Reflectance Sensor Array

A row of infrared eyes that tells a robot where the line is.

Component guide

Sensor

MPU-6050 IMU

A six-axis motion sensor—how a robot feels its own tilt, turn, and acceleration.

Component guide

Sensor

Raspberry Pi Camera

A camera on its own data lane, so vision doesn't fight the USB bus.

Component guide

Sensor

VL53L0X ToF Sensor

Laser time-of-flight ranging—a tight, millimetre beam where sonar is too coarse.

Component guide

Actuator

DC Gearmotor (TT Motor)

The yellow gearbox motor that turns a bare chassis into a moving robot car.

Component guide

Actuator

N20 Encoder Gearmotor

A metal-gearbox micro motor with an encoder on the back, so the robot knows how far it has actually gone.

Component guide

Actuator

SG90 Servo Motor

The nine-gram servo behind most robot arms, grippers, and steering.

Component guide

Driver

L298N Motor Driver

The dual H-bridge that turns weak logic pins into motor power.

Component guide

Driver

PCA9685 Servo Driver

Drive 16 servos over two I²C pins—the board behind most robot arms and hexapods.

Component guide

Driver

TB6612FNG Motor Driver

A MOSFET H-bridge that keeps the volts you actually paid for.

Component guide

Power

Robot Battery & Power Pack

The difference between a robot that runs and one that keeps resetting.

Component guide

Chassis

2WD Robot Chassis

The deck two motors, a free caster, and your electronics all bolt onto.

Component guide

Chassis

4-DOF Robot Arm Kit

The acrylic or metal frame that turns four servos into a base-shoulder-elbow-gripper manipulator.

Component guide

Comms

HC-05 Bluetooth Module

Wireless serial over Bluetooth—drive a robot from your phone with two pins.

Component guide